Each year on September 10th, we come together globally to recognize Suicide Prevention Awareness Day, a time to bring the issue of suicide into the spotlight, encourage open dialogue, and extend a hand to those who may be suffering in silence. Suicide is a deeply personal and often hidden struggle, but through awareness and action, we can help prevent needless loss and create a more compassionate, supportive world. This day is a reminder that no one should have to face mental health challenges or thoughts of suicide alone, and by standing together, we can offer hope and understanding to those in need.

The Silent Struggle of Suicide: Understanding the Scope and Impact

Suicide is an often-overlooked crisis, but its impact on families, communities, and societies is immense. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 800,000 people die by suicide every year, which means one life is lost every 40 seconds. Kenya, in particular, faces a significant challenge, with a suicide rate of 11 percent per 100,000 population. For every individual who completes suicide, many more make attempts, leaving families and loved ones in deep emotional pain, grappling with unanswered questions and feelings of guilt. These staggering statistics reflect the urgency of suicide prevention and the need to focus more attention on this issue, not only on this designated day but every day.

The reasons why someone may contemplate suicide are complex, often involving a mix of mental health issues, emotional trauma, and external pressures. Mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder are major contributors, but they aren’t the only causes. Factors like social isolation, financial hardships, family conflicts, relationship breakdowns, and the lingering effects of trauma can all contribute to suicidal thoughts. In some cases, societal pressures, such as the stigma surrounding mental health, may discourage individuals from seeking help, which exacerbates their feelings of hopelessness.

Recognizing the Warning Signs: How to Identify Those in Need

One of the most important steps in suicide prevention is the ability to recognize warning signs in those around us. Suicidal behaviour doesn’t always manifest in obvious ways, but there are indicators that suggest someone may be struggling with their mental health and contemplating self-harm. By learning these warning signs, we can intervene early and possibly save lives.

Some common signs that someone may be considering suicide include:

• Withdrawal from social connections: When someone pulls away from family, friends, or social activities they used to enjoy, this could signal distress.
• Dramatic changes in mood or behaviour: Shifts from extreme sadness to sudden calmness or cheerfulness can indicate someone has made the decision to attempt suicide.
• Expressions of hopelessness: Verbal or written statements such as "I can’t go on," "Nothing matters," or "Everyone would be better off without me" are red flags.
• Engaging in risky or self-destructive behaviours: This includes reckless driving, excessive alcohol or drug use, or other forms of harmful behaviour.
• Giving away personal items: If someone starts to give away things that are important to them or begins to make arrangements for their affairs, it might indicate they're planning for the end.

It’s important to remember that not everyone who is struggling will exhibit these signs. This is why it’s so crucial for us to check in regularly on the mental health of our loved ones, regardless of whether they seem to be "doing fine" on the surface. Sometimes, those who appear to have it all together are the ones hurting the most inside.

Breaking the Stigma Surrounding Mental Health and Suicide

One of the greatest barriers to suicide prevention is the pervasive stigma that still surrounds issues of mental health. Many people, especially in certain cultures, are discouraged from speaking about their emotional struggles out of fear of being judged, misunderstood, or even shamed. This societal stigma often prevents individuals from seeking professional help when they need it the most, leaving them to suffer in silence.

Addressing this stigma is a critical part of suicide prevention efforts. We need to collectively change the narrative surrounding mental health. It should be seen as a normal part of life to seek help, just as we would for any physical ailment. Normalizing conversations around topics like depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation is the first step toward creating an environment where people feel safe enough to ask for the help they need.

How We Can All Help: Being Part of the Solution

Suicide prevention is not just the responsibility of mental health professionals; it’s something we all can contribute to. Whether you’re a family member, a friend, a colleague, or even just someone who crosses paths with others in daily life, your actions can make a significant impact. Here are a few ways that everyone can get involved in preventing suicide:

1. Be an active listener: If someone opens up to you about their struggles, listen attentively and with empathy. Don’t try to "fix" their problems or minimize their feelings. Sometimes, just feeling heard and understood can be a powerful source of comfort for someone in distress.
2. Encourage seeking professional help: Suggest to those who are struggling that they speak to a mental health professional, such as a counsellor, therapist, or doctor. Offer to help them find resources, and if appropriate, accompany them to their first appointment.
3. Stay in regular contact: Loneliness can amplify feelings of despair. Regularly check in on friends and family members, particularly those who may be going through difficult times. Even a simple text or phone call can remind someone that they are not alone.
4. Familiarize yourself with local resources: Knowing where to turn for help is essential. In Kenya, the National Suicide Prevention Hotline (1190) is available for those in need, and organizations like Saint Martin Kenya offer support and counselling services for those struggling with mental health issues.

Fostering Hope and Healing: Moving from Awareness to Action

One of the most powerful things we can offer is hope. Every person deserves to know that they matter and that their life is valued, even during their darkest moments. As we observe Suicide Prevention Awareness Day, we are reminded of the strength of community and the importance of standing together in the face of mental health challenges. Each of us has the power to make a difference, whether through small acts of kindness, offering a listening ear, or helping to connect someone to the support they need.

In addition to individual action, governments, health organizations, and communities must continue to advocate for mental health policies that prioritize suicide prevention, expand access to mental health services, and provide education about the warning signs of suicide. Schools, workplaces, and faith communities can also play a pivotal role in offering support systems that encourage open discussions about mental well-being.

Resources for Help: Extending a Lifeline

If you or someone you know is struggling with thoughts of suicide, please know that help is available:

• Kenya Suicide Prevention Hotline: 1190
• Saint Martin CSA: +254 720 853 412/+254 734 992 272 (Mental health support and counselling services)
• National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (International): +1-800-273-8255 (available worldwide)

Conclusion: A Collective Call to Action

On this year’s Suicide Prevention Awareness Day, let’s all make a commitment to be more aware, more compassionate, and more proactive in reaching out to those who may be suffering. Every life is worth saving, and even the smallest gestures can have a significant impact on someone’s journey. By fostering a culture of understanding, we can collectively break the silence around suicide, reduce stigma, and build a society where mental health is prioritized, and no one feels they have to suffer in isolation. Together, we can offer hope, healing, and support for all.